p-Phenylenediamine CAS# 106-50-3

Synthetic dyes, pigments

P-phenylenediamine is an intermediate of azo disperse dyes, acid dyes, direct dyes, and sulfide dyes. It turns black when 3% hydrogen peroxide is added and brown when 5% ferric chloride is added. It has a strong affinity for keratin in hair, and its oxidation process is the process of color fixation when dyeing hair. It is both the most effective ingredient in hair dyes and the most potentially harmful substance to human health.

Synthetic resins

Aramid 1414, produced by the condensation of p-phenylenediamine with terephthalic acid, is a synthetic fiber with excellent properties and a wide range of uses.

The reaction of p-phenylenediamine with maleic rosin monochlorides produces polyamide-imide resins with good properties, which can be film-forming and wire-drawing.

The polymer Kevlar obtained by condensation of p-phenylenediamine with p-phenylene dichloride, which is a high-temperature resistant polymer liquid crystal resin, is now used in the composite material of supersonic aircraft.

By reacting with phosgene, p-phenylenediamine can produce its diisocyanate (PPDI), which in turn produces a highly crystalline polyurethane. This product has excellent high-temperature properties and can be used as a thermoplastic and cast elastomer.

They can be used as reinforcing materials for tires and V-tapes, as reinforcing plastics, sports equipment, brake linings, etc., and in other articles requiring high strength and high modulus.

Rubber Anti-aging Agents

P-phenylenediamine and antioxidants synthesized from p-phenylenediamine are effective and there are more varieties at home and abroad. They are mainly used as antioxidants for natural rubber and diene synthetic rubber.

One example is the combination of p-phenylenediamine and organic acid cobalt salt for raw rubber, which is used in the production of steel wire tires to overcome the aging problem in the storage and vulcanization process caused by the addition of drilling salt to improve the bond between steel wire and rubber.

The condensation of p-phenylenediamine with furfural can also improve the bond between steel wire and rubber.

The condensation of p-phenylenediamine with octanol-2 or the corresponding ketone gives antioxidant 288, which is an excellent anti-ozonant, effective for aging caused by oxygen and flexure, and protective for atmospheric exposure cracking, suitable for natural rubber and synthetic rubber.

Epoxidized vegetable oil and p-phenylenediamine condensate, anti-aging performance and 4010NA equivalent, but not volatile, no frost, solvent resistance is better than 4010NA.

The epoxy resin curing agent

The use of p-phenylenediamine alone as an epoxy resin curing agent does not show any superiority, but with p-phenylenediamine modified phenolic resin curing epoxy resin, the heat resistance of the cured products, chemical resistance are very good, heat resistance than phenolic resin curing products 50 ℃ higher.

The reaction products of p-phenylenediamine and N-(4-hydroxy)maleimide and p-phenylenediamine and 2-amino-N-(hydroxyphenyl)butanediimide are used as epoxy resin curing agents, and the glass transition temperatures of the cured products are 227℃ and 202℃ respectively, which can be used for printed circuit boards. And the cured products with 4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone have a glass transition temperature of 144°C.

Petroleum product additives

The condensate of p-phenylenediamine with dibutyl phosphate and dibutyl maleate is used as a lubricant additive, and the dosage of 1% shows excellent anti-aging, anti-fatigue, and corrosion resistance at load. Condensation of p-phenylenediamine with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, as a petroleum emulsion breaker, has superior performance Dissolvan 4411.

Condensation of p-phenylenediamine with sulfur yellow, alkylphenol, and paraformaldehyde can be used as a purifying agent for gasoline and lubricating oil.

Carbon black treatment agent

P-phenylenediamine-treated carbon black is used as a developer for zinc oxide-based electrophotographic sensitized paper, with a contact time of 0.3 seconds and a sharp image contrast to obtaining a high-quality job. Carbon black treated with p-phenylenediamine is used as a pigment to improve the blackness and the stability of the paste, and it can be used for ink and other products with excellent performance.

Treatment of insulating paper

Treating electrical insulating paper with p-phenylenediamine improves heat resistance and reduces the loss of electrical and physical-mechanical properties due to aging at 160°C. It can be used for insulating high-power turbine motors.

Flame retardant

The reaction product of p-phenylenediamine and tetrabromophthalic anhydride is used for flame retardant of low-density polyethylene, adding 20%, the burning speed is reduced from 1.24 inch/minute without flame retardant to 0.36 inch/minute, and the extension is reduced from 3.0 inch to 0.25 inch without flame retardant.

The reaction product of p-phenylenediamine and chlorophenyl phosphate is used for flame retardant of polyimide glass cloth reinforced plastic, 2000℉ (1093℃) 15 minutes non-combustible.

Others

The reaction of p-phenylenediamine with EDTA anhydrous produces a chelating resin that can be used to extract metals.

The condensation of p-phenylenediamine with sugar aldehyde can be used as an anti-adhesive for vinyl chloride polymerization kettle. The amount of 0.01g/m2 decreases the adhesion of polyvinyl chloride by 40 times.

In addition, p-phenylenediamine is used as a blood trace test, a complex titration indicator, and in combination with catechol as a superfine contrast agent.

The reaction product of p-phenylenediamine and maleic anhydride is used as an aquatic poison, and the adhesion area of shellfish and algae is only 1% after six months, but the adhesion area of those who have not been treated with the poison is 100%.

P-phenylenediamine can also be used as a cross-linking catalyst for stabilized unsaturated polyester resins (with polymerization inhibitors), etc.